Concrete-steel construction.



PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

P. KOHNE.

CONCRETE STEEL CONSTRUCTION.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25. 1904.

NO MODEL.

his flaw PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904. P. KIIHNE. CONCRETE STEEL CONSTRUCTION.

x0 7 v Z l .2 E O o T .muu N: x LL E 4/9 7 .l E W 7V n M m u s /fl l 4v. I m //U//// E m 2 DJ m m D T U m h UJ mm APPLICATION FILED FEB.25.1904.

n0 MODEL.

Nrran STATEs Patented October 25, 1994.

PAUL KUHNE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CONCRETE STEEL CONSTRUGTlON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 773,327, dated October25, 1904. I Applieatioufiled February 25,1904. Serial No. 195,248. (Nomodel.)

To rtZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PAUL KI'JHNE, a citizen of the United States,residing in New York, borough of Manhattan, in the State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete-SteelConstructions, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to obtain a proper combination of steeland concrete in concrete-steel constructions and to provide means forresisting the shearing and tensile strains of individual floor-stretchesof concrete flooring, concrete beams, and similar structures. Theshearing strains in such structures are strains distinct from thebreaking strain due to bending and commonly found near the center of thestructure. They are strains tending to shear ofi the end portions of thestructure at or near the points of connection with the I-beams or othersupports. For the purpose of overcoming these shearing strains 1 employspecial tension rods which I extend from the I-beams or other supportsemployed into the floor-filling across or adjacent to the lines of sheartherein. suitable form of tension rod or device may be employed for thepurpose.

My invention consists, further, in a special form of tension-rod wherebyan improved mechanical connection with and support of the concrete isattained.

The invention consists in certain combinations of parts, which will beparticularly described'hereinafter and finally pointed out in theclaims. I

in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram showing in plan thearrangement of the supporting-beams and tension-rods of a concrete-steelconstruction embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section online 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is'a side view of 'a portion of a tension-rodconstructed according to my invention. Fig. 4 is a plan view of thesame. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the rod on a smallerscale than Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section, on alarger scale, on line 6 8, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing in planthe arrangement of the supporting-beams and ten- Any sion-rods of asteel-concrete construction em-v bodying my invention and in whichcrossbeams between the main supporting beams or girders are omitted, theentire strains incident to supporting the floor-filling beingtaken up bythe tension-rods. ig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section through aconcrete-steel beam embodying my invention. Fig. 9 is a verticallongitudinal section through a floorpiece or independent floor-section,also embodying my invention. Fig. 10 is a perspective View showing themode of connecting two tension-rods of my improved construction. Fig. 11is a vertical longitudinal section through a concrete-steel beamembodying my invention and provided with stays for theshear-tension-rods and main tension-rods. Fig. 12 is a verticaltransverse section on ii e 12 12, Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a verticaltransversesection on line 13 13, Fig. 8; and Fig. 14 is a verticallongitudinal section through two concrete-steel beams embodying myinvention and provided with an additional tension-rod.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre-.

the usual I-beam form. Between the beams are arranged the individualsections or stretches of floor-filling 1B. composed of any suitablematerial, such as concrete of the usual kind. Between the beams extendthe main tension-rods a. At their ends these rods are supported upon the'l-beams and thence extend beyond the same into the floor-filling of thenextstretcn. At their extended portionsthey form shear tension-rods b,which are so arranged as to cross the shear-lines of the filling,whereby they secure the filling together at these lines and support itfrom the K-beam. The positions of the lines of shear of the floorfillingare indicated approximately by the dotted lines d d 0Z d d. T

It is not necessary that the main tensionrods extend beyond thell-beams. They may terminate at the I-beams. in this case they may besecured by bending the end of the rod into the form of a hook which isadapted to engage the flange of the beam. Such a con 'struction is shownin Fig. .2, in which 1) indicates a'wall adjacent the beam A and a thehook-shaped end of one of the tension-rods (1, which is hooked over theupper flange ot' the l-beam. The shear tension-rods are here in likemanner connected with the beams. it is preferable. for economy ofmaterial and for obtaining a firm anchorage of both the main tension-rodand the shear tension-rod and their reciprocal support that they shouldbe continuous, as first described.

In order to secure a more effective resistance to the strains, the sheartension-rods are arranged between the main tension-rods of the adjacentsection of'iloorfilling' and preferably equidistant between the same, asshown in Fig. 1, so as to secure a uniform distribution of metal anduniform resistance to the strains along the shear-lines. The arrangementof the main tension-rods so that they extend alternately in oppositedirections beyond each beam secures this rcsultin like manner at bothsides of the beam.

in order to secure a form of tension-rod which will have the necessarysecurity in concrete of even the poorer qualities sometimes employed infloor construction, the form shown in Figs. 3, t, 5, and e may be used.This rod comprises a strip or band E of any suitable metal ormaterialsuch, for example, as steel-which is provided with loops f,struck up out of the body of the strip, indentations formed by pressingin opposite direction the parts g adjacent the loop, and crossbars It,located in the loops and indentations and extending beyond the, sides ofthe stripllD. The cross-bars are slightly bent, as indica'ted in Fig. 6.They are thereby each interlocked with the strip and loops, so, toretain them in place during handling oi the rods and prior to setting ofthe concrete. The concrete enters the loops and indentations and thespaces between the same and the cross-bars, and thereby ailords adirecten gagement of the'band and cro -bar with the concrete at the point ofconnection. it is ob- Vio'us that instead oi being secured in the mannershown the crossbars it may be'sccured to the band by other means, as byriveting thereto. or the strip may be providedwith projections of anyother kind not destroying the essentially llat character of the rod.When tension-rods oi the character described are employed, thecross-bars or other projections oi the same lie in horizontal position,as indicated in Fig". l, and aid directly the vertt cal support of theconcrete in addition to the resistance they allord through the strip Eto horizontal strains in the same. A further ad vantage of this term. oftension-rod is that pieces of the same may he quickly and easilyconnected together, thus avoiding Waste in the use of the material andfacilitating the use of the same. This connection is effected by simplyplacing one of the pieces to be connected upon the other in such amanner that the loop and indentations oi the first piece engage the loopand indentations oi the secondpiece and then inserting in the aperturepresented between the indentations of the first-andthe loop of thesecond piece a rod h, or preferably a special key 72 ot' ellipticalcross-section, which approximately lills the space and securely locksthe two pieces of rod together.

It is frequently desirable to support wide stretches of floorconstruction without the use of intermediatebeams between the girders,as the latter torm unsightly projections in the ceiling of the roombelow. For this purpose a concrete-steel construction embodying myinvention. but providing a. stronger and more uniform distribution ofmetal than that shown in Fig. i, may be employed. Such a construction isshown in Fig. 7. in this diagram. F F F F indicate four columns,' and ilF F F girders supported on and extending between the columns. Gindicates a series of main tcnsion-rods extending in one directionbetween opposite beams 1* F and ll a series of main tension-rodsextending transyersely ot' the first series between the beams F F. Themain tcnsion rods thereby form a network. A series of shear tension-rodsG extends into thelloordilling In oi theiioorsection between the girdersF F F F, across the lines of shear of the same at each of the four sidesofthe floor-section, said shear tension-rods being preferably theextended ends of main tension-rods of adjacent lioonscctions.

For overcoming the shearing strains in con crete-steel beams or otherisolated concretestee-l strncturesc'. a, structures in which it is notconvenient or desirable to extend either tension-rod to connection witha beam or other supports-the secure anchorage of both rods in the beamis obtained by forming the two rods in one piece or otherwise connectingthe same, the main tension-rod being" arranged at the lows of the beamand extending at its ends in upward and then in return direction towardthe center oi the beam and forum ing at its extended portion across thelines of shear the shear tension-rod. This construction is shown inFigs. 8 and 13, in which ll indicates the concrete of a concretesteelbeam, 5 one of the tension-rods employed, and i" 2" the sheartension-rods. Three main tension rods,'with the corresponding sheartensionrods, arc-preferably employed, as indicated in Fig. 13. .E

in a. section of isolated. flooring such as indicated in liig. 9 theconstruction oi? the main tension-rods and the shear tension-rods is thesame as in the concrete-steel beam of Fig. 8, the proportions being;varied, however, to l suit the thickness of the iloonlilling l. When IIOin such a slab or floor-section the highest strength is required, aseries of main tensionrods and shear tension-rods is arrangedtransversely to those extending in the direction shown in Fig-9.

In the construction of concrete-steel beams of'considerable depth it isadvantageous to provide means whereby the shear tension-rods may beretained reliably in proper position in the beam and relatively to themain tension-rod during the construction of the beam. For this purpose Iprovide stays in. These stays consist each of a link or connectingmember provided in each end with an aperture adapted to receive an endof a pin it. The stays are fitted over opposite ends of the same pin onthe shear tension-rod and over opposite ends of a corresponding pin onthe main tension-rod, whereby they reliably connect the two rods andretain them in proper relative position during the process of formingthe beam. They also by their connection of the two rods add measurablyto the strength of the beam when completed. These stays may be arrangedvertically, as shown in Fig. 11, or they may be arranged at an angle tothe vertical, as may be best adapted to resist the special strains whichthe particular beand will be called upon to Withstand. In the case ofbeams or independent floor-sections constructed in placeit is possibleto still further increase the strength of. the beam or floorsection bythe use of an auxiliary tension-rod which is preferably located at ahigher level than the shear tension-rods and main tensionrods. Thisconstruction is shown in Fig. 14, in which e' indicates the maintension-rod, z" 71 the shear tension-rods, and i an auxiliarytension-rod, which extends through each of the beams I.

Having thus described my invention,I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. In a concrete-steel construction, the combinationof supporting-beams, a floor-filling between the same, main tension-rodsbetween the beams, and shear tension-rods at the lines of shear of saidfloor-filling, said tension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallicstrip and cross bars applied to said strip and projecting laterallybeyond the edges of same.

2. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of twosupporting-beams, a floor-filling between the beams, floor-fillingsbeyond the beams, and tension-rods between and extending beyond saidbeams and forming at their extended portions shear tension-rods in saidlatter floor-fillings, said tension-rods being composed each of a fiatmetallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projectinglaterally beyond the edges of same.

3. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination ofsupporting-beams, a floor-filling between the beams, main tension-rodsbetween the beams, and shear tension-rods between the main tension-rods,said tension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallic strip andcross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyondthe'edges of same.

4. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of asupporting-beam, floor-fillings, one'at each side ofthe beam, and aplurality of main tension-rods extending alternately in oppositedirections beyond said beam and forming at their extended portions sheartension-rods in the respective floor-fillings, said tension-rods beingcomposed each of a fiat metallic strip and cross-bars applied to saidstrip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

5. In aconcrete-steel construction, the combination of asupporting-beam, a floor-filling at one side of the same, afloor-filling at the other side of the same, and a shear tensionrod forthe filling in one side anchored in said filling at the other side, saidtension-rods being composed each of a fiat metallic strip and cross-barsapplied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

6. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of a floor-fillingand a tension-rod for said filling comprising a flat metallicstripprovided with loops, indentations adjacent the loops, and cross-bars inthe loops and indentations and projecting laterally beyond said strip. 1

7 In a concrete-steel construction the combination of a floor-fillingand aterision-rod for said filling, comprising a fiat metallic strip andcross-bars applied to said strip and projecting laterally beyond theedges of the same, substantially as set forth.

8. In aconcrete-steel construction, the combination of a floor-fillingand a tension-rod for said filling, comprising a fiat metallic stripprovided with loops, and an .elliptical key adapted to be insertedthrough two superposed loops.

9. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of a floor-filling,a series of main tension-rods extending in said floor-filling, a sec-0nd series of main tension-rods extending in said floor-fillingtransversely to the first series, and shear tension-rods at the lines ofshear of said floor-filling. vv

10. In a concrete-steel construction, the com bination of foursupporting-beams, a floor:

filling between the beams, floor-fillings beyond the beams, a series ofmain tension-rods in said floor-filling and extending beyond said beamsand forming at their extended portions shear tension-rods in some of thefloor-fillings beyond the beams, a series of main tensionrods arrangedtransversely to the first series and extending beyond said beams andforming in their extended portions shear tension rods in others of thefloor-fillings beyond the beams, and main tension-rods in said outerfloor-fillings extending at their end portions at the inner side of saidbeams and forming at their extended portions shear tension-rods in thefloor-filling between said beams. 1

1 1. in a concretesteel construction, the combination of afloor-filling, a main tension-rod at the lower portion of the same, andshear tension-rods at the lines of shear of said floorfilling, andconnected at their outer ends with the outer ends of the maintension-rods, said tension-rods being" composed each of a flat metallicstrip and cross-bars appliedto said strip and projecting laterallybeyond the edges or same.

12. In a concrete-steel construction, the combination of tWofloor-fillings, main tensionrods in said floor-fillings, sheartension-rods at the lines of shear of said floor-fillings, and anauxiliary tension-rod extending in both said floor-fillings, saidtension rods being composed each of a flat metallic strip and cross-barsapplied tosaid strip and projecting laterally beyond the edges of same.

13. A tension-rod for concrete-steel constructions comprising a fiatmetallic strip and cross-bars applied to said strip and projectinglaterally beyond the edges of the same.-

1a. A tension-rod for concretesteel con- \structions comprising aliat'metallic strip and prisingeach a flat metallic strip provided withloops and a key adapted to be inserted through two superposed loops. Intestimony that ii claim the foregoing as my invention 1 have signed myname in presenceof two subscribing Witnesses.

PAUL nfinite. Witnesses: I

HENRY J; SUI-IRBIER, Josnria H. Niltns.

